实验环境：

centos 6.5 x64

安装epel 源：

rpm -ivh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm

安装ansible 服务端：

yum install ansible -y

在配置文件中添加主机

vim /etc/ansible/hosts

[testhost]
192.168.28.70

测试所有连接的客户端:

[root@localhost ~]# ansible all -a 'who'
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>
root pts/0 2017-07-11 04:13 (192.168.28.186)
root pts/2 2017-07-11 04:18 (192.168.28.186)
root pts/1 2017-07-11 04:45 (192.168.28.186)

测试一个简单的 ping：

[root@localhost ~]# ansible all -m ping
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS => {
 "changed": false, 
 "ping": "pong"

远程执行命令

[root@localhost ~]# ansible testhost -m command -a 'w'

注意：”-m” 指定模块名，”-a” 指定相应命令，这样就可以批量执行命令。这里的 testhost 为之前自定义的主机组名。当然我们也可以直接写一个 ip，针对某一台机器来执行命令。如下：

远程执行shell脚本

1、创建一个shell脚本

[root@localhost ~]# cat /tmp/test.sh 
#!/bin/bash
 echo `date` > /tmp/ansible_shell.log

2、把脚本分发到远程主机

[root@localhost ~]# ansible testhost -m copy -a "src=/tmp/test.sh dest=/tmp/test.sh mode=0755"
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS => {
 "changed": true, 
 "checksum": "032e736ac2c71a85c09cbef25190e404aa7eb7e8", 
 "dest": "/tmp/test.sh", 
 "gid": 0, 
 "group": "root", 
 "md5sum": "874449f8733ff8aaece2a5859b0d4446", 
 "mode": "0755", 
 "owner": "root", 
 "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
 "size": 53, 
 "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1500430217.04-122496835634479/source", 
 "state": "file", 
 "uid": 0
}

3、执行脚本

[root@localhost ~]# ansible testhost -m shell -a "/tmp/test.sh"
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>

拷贝文件

[root@localhost ~]# ansible testhost -m copy -a "src=/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg dest=/tmp/ansibletet.txt owner=root group=root mode=0644" 
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS => {
 "changed": true, 
 "checksum": "bd6fddebe99a0a92d02e9e198d34c406186edc87", 
 "dest": "/tmp/ansibletet.txt", 
 "gid": 0, 
 "group": "root", 
 "md5sum": "80f6c7c933dd1ca1c626ebffa3ddb8ed", 
 "mode": "0644", 
 "owner": "root", 
 "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:admin_home_t:s0", 
 "size": 18066, 
 "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1500430393.64-228538002701013/source", 
 "state": "file", 
 "uid": 0
}

拷贝目录

[root@localhost ~]# ansible testhost -m copy -a "src=/etc/ansible/ dest=/tmp/ansibletest owner=root group=root mode=0644"
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS => {
 "changed": true, 
 "dest": "/tmp/ansibletest/", 
 "src": "/etc/ansible"
}

添加计划任务

[root@localhost ~]# ansible testhost -m cron -a "name='test_cron' job='/bin/touch /tmp/test.txt' hour='1,5,10' weekday=1"
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS => {
 "changed": true, 
 "envs": [], 
 "jobs": [
 "test_cron"
 ]
}

去远程主机上查看

[root@bogon ~]# crontab -l
#Ansible: test_cron
* 1,5,10 * * 1 /bin/touch /tmp/test.txt

删除任务计划

若要删除该cron ,只需要加一个字段 state=absent

[root@localhost etc]# ansible testhost -m cron -a "name='test_cron' state=absent"
192.168.28.70 | SUCCESS => {
 "changed": true, 
 "envs": [], 
 "jobs": []
}

Yum 安装

我们来安装一个httpd服务

[root@localhost etc]# ansible testhost -m yum -a "name=httpd"

服务管理

开启 httpd服务，并关闭开机启动

[root@localhost etc]# ansible testhost -m service -a "name=httpd state=started enabled=no"

列出ansible 所有模块

[root@localhost etc]# ansible-doc -l

查看指定模块的用法

[root@localhost etc]# ansible-doc cron